Definitions
What counts as antisemitism?
Three widely discussed frameworks agree strongly on classic anti-Jewish stereotypes and conspiracy theories, but differ in how they approach some Israel- and Zionism-related speech.
IHRA
Working Definition of Antisemitism
Recognizes classic anti-Jewish stereotypes, conspiracy claims, collective blame and dual-loyalty accusations, and includes several Israel-related examples that may be antisemitic depending on context.
JDA
Jerusalem Declaration on Antisemitism
Separates antisemitism from many forms of anti-Zionism and harsh criticism of Israel while still treating classic stereotypes, collective blame and hostility to Jews as antisemitic.
Nexus
Nexus Document
Distinguishes contentious Israel criticism from anti-Jewish hostility but identifies control conspiracies, assumed Jewish loyalty to Israel and collective responsibility as antisemitic.